The Science Library

Andreux, P. A., Blanco-Bose, W., Ryu, D., Burdet, F., Ibberson, M., Aebischer, P., Auwerx, J., Singh, A., & Rinsch, C. (2019). The mitophagy activator urolithin A is safe and induces a molecular signature of improved mitochondrial and cellular health in humans. Nature Metabolism 1:595–603.

Attia, P., & Gifford, B. (2023). Outlive: The Science and Art of Longevity. Harmony / Penguin Random House (trade book).

Brandhorst, S., Levine, M. E., Wei, M., Shelehchi, M., Morgan, T. E., Nayak, K. S., Dorff, T., Hong, K., Crimmins, E. M., Cohen, P., & Longo, V. D. (2024). Fasting-mimicking diet causes hepatic and blood markers changes indicating reduced biological age and disease risk. Nature Communications 15(1):1309.

Bricker, D. K., Taylor, E. B., Schell, J. C., Orsak, T., Boutron, A., Chen, Y.-C., Cox, J. E., Cardon, C. M., Van Vranken, J. G., Dephoure, N., Redin, C., Boudina, S., Gygi, S. P., Brivet, M., Thummel, C. S., & Rutter, J. (2012). A mitochondrial pyruvate carrier required for pyruvate uptake in yeast, Drosophila, and humans. Science 337(6090):96–100.

Chodari, L., Dilsiz Aytemir, M., Vahedi, P., et al. (2021). Targeting mitochondrial biogenesis with polyphenol compounds. Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity 2021:4946711.

Cluntun, A. A., Badolia, R., Lettlova, S., et al. (Rutter, J., & Drakos, S. G., senior authors) (2021). The pyruvate-lactate axis modulates cardiac hypertrophy and heart failure. Cell Metabolism 33(3):629–648.

Divyajanani, S., Harithpriya, K., Ganesan, K., & Ramkumar, K. M. (2023). Dietary polyphenols remodel DNA methylation patterns of NRF2 in chronic disease. Nutrients 15(15):3347.

Eisenberg, T., Abdellatif, M., Schroeder, S., et al. (Madeo, F., senior author) (2016). Cardioprotection and lifespan extension by the natural polyamine spermidine. Nature Medicine 22:1428–1438.

Fang, J., Hu, Z., Luo, T., Chen, S., Li, J., Yang, H., Sheng, X., Zhang, X., Zhang, Z., & Xie, C. (2025). β-hydroxybutyrate serves as a regulator in ketone body metabolism through lysine β-hydroxybutyrylation. Journal of Biological Chemistry 301:108475.

Fontana, L., Partridge, L., & Longo, V. D. (2010). Extending healthy life span — from yeast to humans. Science 328(5976):321–326.

Lettieri-Barbato, D., et al. (2019). Crosstalk between mitochondrial metabolism and oxidoreductive homeostasis: bioactive dietary compounds. Nutrition Research Reviews.

Levine, M. E., Suarez, J. A., Brandhorst, S., Balasubramanian, P., Cheng, C.-W., Madia, F., Fontana, L., Mirisola, M. G., Guevara-Aguirre, J., Wan, J., Passarino, G., Kennedy, B. K., Wei, M., Cohen, P., Crimmins, E. M., & Longo, V. D. (2014). Low protein intake is associated with a major reduction in IGF-1, cancer, and overall mortality in the 65 and younger but not older population. Cell Metabolism 19(3):407–417.

López-Otín, C., Blasco, M. A., Partridge, L., Serrano, M., & Kroemer, G. (2023). Hallmarks of aging: an expanding universe. Cell 186(2):243–278.

Monzel, A. S., Enríquez, J. A., & Picard, M. (2023). Multifaceted mitochondria: moving mitochondrial science beyond function and dysfunction. Nature Metabolism 5(4):546–562.

Mosharov, E. V., Rosenberg, A. M., Monzel, A. S., et al. (Picard, M., senior author) (2025). A human brain map of mitochondrial respiratory capacity and diversity. Nature 641:749–758.

Newman, J. C., & Verdin, E. (2017). β-Hydroxybutyrate: a signaling metabolite. Annual Review of Nutrition 37:51–76.

Pagliarini, D. J., Calvo, S. E., Chang, B., et al. (Mootha, V. K., senior author) (2008). A mitochondrial protein compendium elucidates complex I disease biology. Cell 134(1):112–123.

Perrone, P., & D'Angelo, S. (2025). Hormesis and health: molecular mechanisms and the key role of polyphenols. Food Chemistry Advances 7:101030.

Picard, M., & McEwen, B. S. (2018). Psychological stress and mitochondria: a conceptual framework. Psychosomatic Medicine 80(2):126–140.

Picard, M., & Shirihai, O. S. (2022). Mitochondrial signal transduction. Cell Metabolism 34(11):1620–1653.

Polak, R., Frates, B., Mirsky, J., Trilk, J., Wood, N., Moore, M., Thomas, O., & Phillips, E. M. (2025). Defining Culinary Medicine: a call for consensus on competencies to improve nutrition. Nutrients 17(9):1403.

Puigserver, P., Wu, Z., Park, C. W., Graves, R., Wright, M., & Spiegelman, B. M. (1998). A cold-inducible coactivator of nuclear receptors linked to adaptive thermogenesis. Cell 92(6):829–839.

Ryu, D., Mouchiroud, L., Andreux, P. A., et al. (Auwerx, J., senior author) (2016). Urolithin A induces mitophagy and prolongs lifespan in C. elegans and increases muscle function in rodents. Nature Medicine 22:879–888.

San-Millán, I., & Brooks, G. A. (2018). Assessment of metabolic flexibility by means of measuring blood lactate, fat, and carbohydrate oxidation responses to exercise in professional endurance athletes and less-fit individuals. Sports Medicine 48(2):467–479.

Sena, L. A., & Chandel, N. S. (2012). Physiological roles of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species. Molecular Cell 48(2):158–167.

Seyfried, T. N. (2015). Cancer as a mitochondrial metabolic disease. Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology 3:43.

Seyfried, T. N., & Shelton, L. M. (2010). Cancer as a metabolic disease. Nutrition & Metabolism 7:7.

Seyfried, T. N., Lee, D. C., Duraj, T., Ta, N. L., Mukherjee, P., Kiebish, M., Arismendi-Morillo, G., & Chinopoulos, C. (2025). The Warburg hypothesis and the emergence of the mitochondrial metabolic theory of cancer. Journal of Bioenergetics and Biomembranes.

Shaulson, E. D., Cohen, A. A., & Picard, M. (2024). The brain-body energy conservation model of aging. Nature Aging 4(10):1354–1371.

Shimazu, T., Hirschey, M. D., Newman, J., He, W., Shirakawa, K., Le Moan, N., Grueter, C. A., Lim, H., Saunders, L. R., Stevens, R. D., Newgard, C. B., Farese, R. V. Jr., de Cabo, R., Ulrich, S., Akassoglou, K., & Verdin, E. (2013). Suppression of oxidative stress by β-hydroxybutyrate, an endogenous histone deacetylase inhibitor. Science 339(6116):211–214.

Sutton, E. F., Beyl, R., Early, K. S., Cefalu, W. T., Ravussin, E., & Peterson, C. M. (Panda-aligned TRE literature) (2018). Early time-restricted feeding improves insulin sensitivity, blood pressure, and oxidative stress even without weight loss in men with prediabetes. Cell Metabolism 27(6):1212–1221.

van den Burg, E. L., Schoonakker, M. P., van Peet, P. G., van den Akker-van Marle, E. M., Lamb, H. J., Longo, V. D., et al. (2024). Integration of a fasting-mimicking diet programme in primary care for type 2 diabetes: a 12-month randomised controlled trial. Diabetologia 67(7):1245–1259.

Vander Heiden, M. G., Cantley, L. C., & Thompson, C. B. (2009). Understanding the Warburg effect: the metabolic requirements of cell proliferation. Science 324(5930):1029–1033.

Vannuchi, N., et al. (2025). PGC-1α activation by polyphenols: a pathway to thermogenesis. Molecular Nutrition & Food Research.

Vasques, A. C. J., Capitani, C. D., Eisenberg, D. M., Velloso, L. A., & Geloneze, B. (2024). Cooking for Health: a comprehensive narrative review of Culinary Medicine as an educational tool in medical training in Brazil and globally. Archives of Endocrinology and Metabolism 68:e230491.

Wallace, D. C. (2005). A mitochondrial paradigm of metabolic and degenerative diseases, aging, and cancer: a dawn for evolutionary medicine. Annual Review of Genetics 39:359–407.

Wang, L., Chen, P., & Xiao, W. (2021). β-hydroxybutyrate as an anti-aging metabolite. Nutrients 13(10):3420.

Zhang, B., Chang, J. Y., Lee, M. H., Ju, S. H., Yi, H. S., & Shong, M. (2024). Mitochondrial stress and mitokines: therapeutic perspectives for the treatment of metabolic diseases. Diabetes & Metabolism Journal 48(1):1–18.

Zhao, H., Jin, H., Xian, J., Zhang, Z., Shi, J., & Bai, X. (2022). Effect of ketogenic diets on body composition and metabolic parameters of cancer patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Nutrients 14(19):4192.